The presentation is a walk-through the contents of the chapter “Concrete Temperature and Thermal Stresses”. The chapter comprises the basis to understand the temperature development due to cement hydration in concrete structures and the thermal stresses that derive from that. In addition, the chapter offers examples of case studies in the field of mass concrete, highlighting how numerical simulation tools such as 4C-Temp&Stress can support engineers to plan their concrete casting to reduce the risk of thermal cracking. By Wilson Ricardo leal da Silva, Teknologisk Institut.